roving work

nomade [nɔmad]

1. adjective

[peuple, vie] nomadic

• produits nomades mobile devices

• salarié nomade roaming worker

• travail nomade roving work

2. masculine noun, feminine noun

nomad ; ( = gitan) traveller

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adjectif [personne, vie, tribu] nomadic

nom masculin et féminin ( du désert) nomad

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1. adj

2. nm/f

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nomade

A adj [personne, vie, tribu] nomadic; [bureau, travailleur] mobile.

B nmf ( du désert) nomad; mener une vie de nomade to lead a nomadic existence.

[nɔmad] adjectif

1. [peuple] nomad, nomadic

2. ZOOLOGIE migratory

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[nɔmad] nom masculin et féminin

nomad

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[nɔmad] nom féminin

ENTOMOLOGIE Nomada

itinerant (vida).

itinerant.

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► adjetivo

1 itinerant

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ADJ [biblioteca, exposición] travelling, traveling (EEUU); [compañía de teatro] touring

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adjetivo <exposición/muestra> traveling* (before n), itinerant (frml)

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= roving, itinerant, touring, wayfaring, travelling [traveling, -USA].

Ex. He conducted the morning sessions as if he were a roving talk show host.

Ex. In recent years the concept of the itinerant, or journeyman, cataloguer has been suggested as one solution to cataloguing backlogs and shortages of professionally trained cataloguers.

Ex. The work of the Parliament's information offices is to educate the general public on the work of the Parliament by means of touring displays, posters, booklets, slides, etc..

Ex. In the LAN world, there are several reasons to unite with other wayfaring librarians delving into the multifaceted world of computer networks.

Ex. There were no plans to revive either branch, so the bookmobiles had to fill the vacuum as traveling branches.

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* asesoría itinerante en furgón = mobile advice van.

* asesoría y oficina de información itinerante en furgón = mobile information and advice van.

* furgón itinerante = travelling van.

* reportero itinerante = roving reporter.

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adjetivo <exposición/muestra> traveling* (before n), itinerant (frml)

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‹exposición/muestra› traveling* ( before n), itinerant ( frml) embajador

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itinerante adj

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adj traveling, Br

travelling, itinerant

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itinerante adj

ambulante: traveling, itinerant

traveling.

vendedor ambulante peddler, hawker

prohibida la venta ambulante no hawking (en letrero)

street vendor, street vender.

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► adjetivo

1 itinerant, travelling

■ biblioteca ambulante mobile library

■ es una enciclopedia ambulante he's a walking encyclopedia

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ADJ (=que anda) walking; [circo, vendedor] travelling, traveling (EEUU); [biblioteca] mobile; [músico] itinerant; [actor] strolling

SMF (=vendedor callejero) street seller, street vendor

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adjetivo traveling* (before n)

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= mobile, peripatetic, roving, touring, wayfaring, travelling [traveling, -USA], walking.

Ex. One of the most cited shortcomings of mobile advice centres, that their conspicuousness deters people from using them, does not seem to have been a problem.

Ex. NACAB have a research project to develop a mini-information pack that could be used by peripatetic advice workers.

Ex. He conducted the morning sessions as if he were a roving talk show host.

Ex. The work of the Parliament's information offices is to educate the general public on the work of the Parliament by means of touring displays, posters, booklets, slides, etc..

Ex. In the LAN world, there are several reasons to unite with other wayfaring librarians delving into the multifaceted world of computer networks.

Ex. There were no plans to revive either branch, so the bookmobiles had to fill the vacuum as traveling branches.

Ex. He is a walking history of modern librarianship and has been a mentor to many.

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* población con mercado ambulante = market centre, market town.

* puesto ambulante = roadside vendor, street vendor.

* vendedor ambulante = pedlar [peddler, -USA], roadside vendor, street vendor.

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adjetivo traveling* (before n)

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traveling* ( before n)

un grupo de teatro ambulante a traveling o itinerant theater group

biblioteca ambulante bookmobile ( AmE), mobile library ( BrE)

es una enciclopedia ambulante ( hum); she's a walking encyclopedia ( hum)

vendedor² (↑ vendedor (2)), venta

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◊ biblioteca ambulante bookmobile (AmE), mobile library (BrE)

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ambulante adj

vendedor ambulante pedlar, hawker;

prohibida la venta ambulante [en letrero] no street trading;

una biblioteca ambulante a mobile library

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I adj traveling, Br

travelling;

venta ambulante peddling, hawking;

vendedor ambulante hawker, street seller

II m/f L.Am.

vendedor hawker, street seller

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ambulante adj

1) : traveling, itinerant

vendedor ambulante : street vendor

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ambulante adj travelling

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

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As a youth, Dyer constructed an unsinkable life-boat but did not immediately pursue his mechanical bent, for at 16 he entered the counting-house of a French refugee named Nancrède and succeeded to part of the business. He first went to England in 1801 and finally settled in 1811 when he married Ellen Jones (d. 1842) of Gower Street, London. Dyer was already linked with American inventors and brought to England Perkins's plan for steel engraving in 1809, shearing and nail-making machines in 1811, and also received plans and specifications for Fulton's steamboats. He seems to have acted as a sort of British patent agent for American inventors, and in 1811 took out a patent for carding engines and a card clothing machine. In 1813 there was a patent for spinning long-fibred substances such as hemp, flax or grasses, and in 1825 there was a further patent for card making machinery. Joshua Field, on his tour through Britain in 1821, saw a wire drawing machine and a leather splitting machine at Dyer's works as well as the card-making machines. At first Dyer lived in Camden Town, London, but he had a card clothing business in Birmingham. He moved to Manchester c.1816, where he developed an extensive engineering works under the name "Joseph C.Dyer, patent card manufacturers, 8 Stanley Street, Dale Street". In 1832 he founded another works at Gamaches, Somme, France, but this enterprise was closed in 1848 with heavy losses through the mismanagement of an agent. In 1825 Dyer improved on Danforth's roving frame and started to manufacture it. While it was still a comparatively crude machine when com-pared with later versions, it had the merit of turning out a large quantity of work and was very popular, realizing a large sum of money. He patented the machine that year and must have continued his interest in these machines as further patents followed in 1830 and 1835. In 1821 Dyer had been involved in the foundation of the Manchester Guardian (now The Guardian) and he was linked with the construction of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway. He was not so successful with the ill-fated Bank of Manchester, of which he was a director and in which he lost £98,000. Dyer played an active role in the community and presented many papers to the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society. He helped to establish the Royal Institution in London and the Mechanics Institution in Manchester. In 1830 he was a member of the delegation to Paris to take contributions from the town of Manchester for the relief of those wounded in the July revolution and to congratulate Louis-Philippe on his accession. He called for the reform of Parliament and helped to form the Anti-Corn Law League. He hated slavery and wrote several articles on the subject, both prior to and during the American Civil War.

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See also: Arnold, Aza

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

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Born of Scottish parents, Fairbairn was apprenticed at the age of 14 to John Casson, a mill-wright and engineer at the Percy Main Colliery, Newcastle upon Tyne, and remained there until 1821 when he went to work for his brother William in Manchester. After going to various other places, including Messrs Rennie in London and on the European continent, he eventually moved in 1829 to Leeds where Marshall helped him set up the Wellington Foundry and so laid the foundations for the colossal establishment which was to employ over one thousand workers. To begin with he devoted his attention to improving wool-weaving machinery, substituting iron for wood in the construction of the textile machines. He also worked on machinery for flax, incorporating many of Philippe de Girard's ideas. He assisted Henry Houldsworth in the application of the differential to roving frames, and it was to these machines that he added his own inventions. The longer fibres of wool and flax need to have some form of support and control between the rollers when they are being drawn out, and inserting a little twist helps. However, if the roving is too tightly twisted before passing through the first pair of rollers, it cannot be drawn out, while if there is insufficient twist, the fibres do not receive enough support in the drafting zone. One solution is to twist the fibres together while they are actually in the drafting zone between the rollers. In 1834, Fairbairn patented an arrangement consisting of a revolving tube placed between the drawing rollers. The tube inserted a "middle" or "false" twist in the material. As stated in the specification, it was "a well-known contrivance… for twisting and untwisting any roving passing through it". It had been used earlier in 1822 by J. Goulding of the USA and a similar idea had been developed by C.Danforth in America and patented in Britain in 1825 by J.C. Dyer. Fairbairn's machine, however, was said to make a very superior article. He was also involved with waste-silk spinning and rope-yarn machinery.

Fairbairn later began constructing machine tools, and at the beginning of the Crimean War was asked by the Government to make special tools for the manufacture of armaments. He supplied some of these, such as cannon rifling machines, to the arsenals at Woolwich and Enfield. He then made a considerable number of tools for the manufacture of the Armstrong gun. He was involved in the life of his adopted city and was elected to Leeds town council in 1832 for ten years. He was elected an alderman in 1854 and was Mayor of Leeds from 1857 to 1859, when he was knighted by Queen Victoria at the opening of the new town hall. He was twice married, first to Margaret Kennedy and then to Rachel Anne Brindling.

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reporter, newspaper reporter, news hawk, newscaster.

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► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 reporter

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- ra masculino, femenino reporter

- reportero gráfico

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= reporter, legman [legmen, -pl.], newspaper reporter, newspaper correspondent.

Ex. If the report is to a considerable extent in the words of the reporter then entry will be made under the heading for the reporter.

Ex. The article 'Elmore Leonard's legman' describes the work of Gregg Sutter, the full time researcher of the US mystery writer Elmore Leonard.

Ex. A newspaper reporter has been threatened after writing about drug trafficking.

Ex. Sir George Hubert Wilkins was leader of the expedition in which a submarine travelled under Arctic pack ice for the 1st time, as well as a scientist, photographer, and newspaper correspondent.

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* periodista reportero de imágenes = video journalist.

* reportero de guerra = war journalist, war correspondent, war reporter.

* reportero de imágenes = video journalist.

* reportero itinerante = roving reporter.

* reportero político = political reporter, political correspondent.

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- ra masculino, femenino reporter

- reportero gráfico

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reporter

press photographer

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◊ -ra sustantivo masculino, femenino

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reportero, -a nm,f

reporter

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m, reportera f reporter

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reportero, -ra n

1) : reporter

reportero gráfico : photojournalist

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reportero n reporter

vagabond, do-nothing, stray, footloose.

vagabond, loafer, bum, do-nothing.

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► adjetivo

1 wandering, roving

2 peyorativo vagrant

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 (trotamundos) wanderer, rover

2 peyorativo vagrant, tramp, US hobo

3 (sin casa) tramp, US hobo

\

perro vagabundo stray dog

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1. ADJ

1) (=errante) [persona] wandering, roving; [perro] stray

2) (=pordiosero) vagabond frm; pey vagrant

2. SM/ F

1) (=persona errante) wanderer, rover

2) (=pordiosero) vagabond frm, tramp, bum (EEUU); pey vagrant

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- da adjetivo < perro> stray

- da masculino, femenino tramp, vagrant

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= vagabond, transient, homeless man [homeless people, -pl.], tramp, vagrant, rover, errant, swagman, hobo [hoboes/hobos, -pl.], bagman.

Ex. Some headings are vague and without scope notes to define them: ROBBERS AND OUTLAWS; CRIME AND CRIMINALS; ROGUES AND vagabonds.

Ex. The librarian would at the end of such a search have a list of terms such as the following: emigres, evacuees, fugitives, immigration, migrants, migration, naturalisation, population transfers, transients.

Ex. This article presents the issue of library use by homeless people in the form of two alternating fictional monologues, one in the mind of a homeless man, the other in the mind of a library official.

Ex. These indigents, known to the public as tramps & skid row winos, are very visible & more likely to be arrested for drunkenness & other petty offenses than a person with a permanent home.

Ex. This paper outlines the problems caused by vagrants who use public libraries as a refuge.

Ex. Greed and fearlessness linked the Elizabethan sea rover, the 18th-century naval captain hungry for prize money, and the early-Victorian soldier for whom the storming of an Indian city offered the chance of booty.

Ex. She was the type of kid who was always coming home with a new pet and we're not talking about your standard kitten in a shoebox or errant neighborhood mutt.

Ex. After colonisation, swagmen wandered the countryside looking for work, looking for gold, running from something, seeking inspiration, or just living off the land.

Ex. Chicago became the " Hobo Capital of America" during the late nineteenth century.

Ex. His hand went to the pistol in his belt as he turned and found a ragged, filthy bagman looking up at him from beneath a blanket of newspapers.

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* hacerse un vagabundo = take to + the road.

* pensión para vagabundos = flophouse.

* vagabundos = homeless people.

* vagabundos, los = homeless, the.

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- da adjetivo < perro> stray

- da masculino, femenino tramp, vagrant

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‹perro› stray

niños vagabundos street urchins

hobo ( AmE), tramp ( BrE), vagabond ( liter)

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◊ -da adjetivo ‹ perro› stray;

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♦ adj

♦ nm,f

1. [sin domicilio] tramp, vagrant, US bum

2. Ven [sinvergüenza] crook

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I adj perro stray

II m, vagabunda f hobo, Br

tramp

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vagabundo, -da adj

1) errante: wandering

2) : stray

vagabundo, -da n

: vagrant, bum, vagabond

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vagabundo n tramp

1 footloose, errant, roving, shiftless.

2 nebulous, amorphous, formless, shapeless.

3 vague, general, unspecific.

4 rambling, excursive.

1 bum, loafer, deadbeat, good-for-nothing.

2 vagus.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: vagar.

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► adjetivo

1 (impreciso) vague

■ idea vaga vague idea

► adjetivo

1 (vacío) empty; (desocupado) vacant

2 (holgazán) lazy, idle

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 (holgazán) idler, layabout, slacker

2 DERECHO vagrant

■ ley de vagos y maleantes vagrancy act

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hacer el vago to laze around

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SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

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James Hargreaves was first a carpenter and then a hand-loom weaver at Stanhill, Blackburn, probably making Blackburn Checks or Greys from linen warps and cotton weft. An invention ascribed to him doubled production in the preparatory carding process before spinning. Two or three cards were nailed to the same stock and the upper one was suspended from the ceiling by a cord and counterweight. Around 1762 Robert Peel (1750–1830) sought his assistance in constructing a carding engine with cylinders that may have originated with Daniel Bourn, but this was not successful. In 1764, inspired by seeing a spinning wheel that continued to revolve after it had been knocked over accidentally, Hargreaves invented his spinning jenny. The first jennies had horizontal wheels and could spin eight threads at once. To spin on this machine required a great deal of skill. A length of roving was passed through the clamp or clove. The left hand was used to close this and draw the roving away from the spindles which were rotated by the spinner turning the horizontal wheel with the right hand. The spindles twisted the fibres as they were being drawn out. At the end of the draw, the spindles continued to be rotated until sufficient twist had been put into the fibres to make the finished yarn. This was backed off from the tips of the spindles by reversing them and then, with the spindles turning in the spinning direction once more, the yarn was wound on by the right hand rotating the spindles, the left hand pushing the clove back towards them and one foot operating a pedal which guided the yarn onto the spindles by a faller wire. A piecer was needed to rejoin the yarns when they broke. At first Hargreaves's jenny was worked only by his family, but then he sold two or three of them, possibly to Peel. In 1768, local opposition and a riot in which his house was gutted forced him to flee to Nottingham. He entered into partnership there with Thomas James and established a cotton mill. In 1770 he followed Arkwright's example and sought to patent his machine and brought an action for infringement against some Lancashire manufacturers, who offered £3,000 in settlement. Hargreaves held out for £4,000, but he was unable to enforce his patent because he had sold jennies before leaving Lancashire. Arkwright's "water twist" was more suitable for the Nottingham hosiery industry trade than jenny yarn and in 1777 Hargreaves replaced his own machines with Arkwright's. When he died the following year, he is said to have left property valued at £7,000 and his widow received £400 for her share in the business. Once the jenny had been made public, it was quickly improved by other inventors and the number of spindles per machine increased. In 1784, there were reputed to be 20,000 jennies of 80 spindles each at work. The jenny greatly eased the shortage of cotton weft for weavers.

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